Bibliography For The Anthropology Of Contemporary Britain

compiled by Richard Irvine, Department of Social Anthropology, University of Cambridge

• Alexander, Claire E. (1996) The Art of Being Black: The Creation of Black British Youth Identities. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Alexander, Claire E. (2000) The Asian gang: ethnicity, identity, masculinity. Oxford: Berg.

• Armstrong, Gary (1998) Football Hooligans: Knowing the Score. Oxford: Berg.

• Armstrong, Michael (1980) Closely Observed Children: The diary of a primary classroom. London: Writers and Readers.

• Ball, Stephen J. (1981) Beachside Comprehensive: A Case-Study of Secondary Schooling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Banton, Michael (1955) The Coloured Quarter: Negro Immigrants in an English City. London: Jonathan Cape.

• Banton, Michael (1964) The Policeman in the Community. London: Tavistock.

• Banton, Michael (1985) Investigating Robbery. Aldershot: Gower.

• Barker, Michael and Guy Turnbull (1992) Meadowell: The Biography of an 'Estate with problems'. Aldershot: Gower.

• Barton, Stephen William (1986) The Bengali Muslims of Bradford: A Study of their Observance of Islam with Special Reference to the Function of the Mosque and the Work of the Imam. Leeds: Community Religions Project, Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Leeds.

• Basu, Paul (2007) Highland Homecomings: Genealogy and Heritage Tourism in the Scottish Diaspora. London: Routledge.

• Baumann, Gerd (1996) Contesting Culture: Discourses of identity in multi-ethnic London. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Beckford, James A. (1975) The Trumpet of Prophecy: A Sociological Study of Jehovah’s Witnesses. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

• Bennett, Simon (2009) Londonland: an ethnography of labour in a world city. London: Middlesex University Press.

• Benson, Susan (1981) Ambiguous Ethnicity: Interracial families in London. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Bhachu, Parminder (1985) Twice Migrants: East African Sikh Settlers in Britain. London: Tavistock.

• Bhatti, Ghazala (1999) Asian children at home and at school: An ethnographic study. London: Routledge.

• Birch, A.H. (1959) Small-town Politics: A Study of Political Life in Glossop. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Born, Georgina (2004) Uncertain Vision: Birt, Dyke and the Reinvention of the BBC. London: Secker & Warburg.

• Bouquet, Mary (1985) Family, Servants and Visitors: The Farm Household in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Devon. Norwich: Geo.

• Bouquet, Mary (1993) Reclaiming English kinship: Portuguese refractions of British kinship theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Bowen, David (1988) The Sathya Sai Baba Community in Bradford: Its Origin and Development, Religious Beliefs and Practices. Leeds: Community Religions Project, Department of Theology and Religious Studies, University of Leeds.

• Brown, Jacueline Nassy (2005) Dropping Anchor, Setting Sail: Geographies of Race in Black Liverpool. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

• Burghart, Richard (ed.) (1987) Hinduism in Great Britain: The Perpetuation of Religion in an Alien Cultural Milieu. London: Tavistock.

• Byron, Reginald (1986) Sea Change: A Shetland Society, 1970-1979. St. John's: Institute of Social and Economic Research.

• Callan, Hilary and Shirley Ardener (eds.) (1984) The Incorporated Wife. Beckenham, Kent: Croom Helm.

• Campbell-Jones, Suzanne (1979) In Habit: An Anthropological Study of Working Nuns. London: Faber and Faber.

• Carspecken, Phil Francis (1991) Community schooling and the nature of power: The battle for Croxteth Comprehensive. London: Routledge.

• Cassidy, Rebecca (2002) The Sport of Kings: Kinship, class and thoroughbred breeding in Newmarket. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Chamberlain, Mary (1977) Fenwomen: A Portrait of Women in an English Village. London: Virago.

• Charles, Nickie, Charlotte Aull Davies and Chris Harris (2008) Families in transition: social change, family formation and kin relationships. Bristol: The Policy Press.

• Charsley, Simon R. (1991) Rites of Marrying: The Wedding Industry in Scotland. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Clark, David (1982) Between Pulpit and Pew: Folk Religion in a North Yorkshire Fishing Village. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Coffield, Frank, Carol Borrill and Sarah Marshall (1986) Growing Up at the Margins: Young Adults in the North East. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

• Cohen, Abner (1993) Masquerade Politics: Explorations in the Structure of Urban Cultural Movements. Oxford: Berg.

• Cohen, Anthony P. (ed.) (1982) Belonging: Identity and social organisation in British rural cultures. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Cohen, Anthony P. (ed.) (1986) Symbolising Boundaries: Identity and diversity in British cultures. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Cohen, Anthony P. (1987) Whalsay: Symbol, Segment and Boundary in a Shetland Island Community. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Condry, E. (1983) Scottish Ethnography. London: Social Science Research Council.

• Cornwell, Jocelyn (1984) Hard-Earned Lives: Accounts of Health and Illness from East London. London: Tavistock.

• Cunnison, Sheila (1966) Wages and work allocation: a study of social relations in a garment workshop. London: Tavistock.

• Davies, Charlotte Aull (1989) Welsh Nationalism in the Twentieth Century: The Ethnic Option and the Modern State. New York: Praeger.

• Davies, Charlotte Aull and Stephanie Jones (eds.) (2003) Welsh Communities: New Ethnographic Perspectives. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.

• Davies, Douglas, Charles Watkins, Michael Winter, Caroline Pack, Susanne Seymour and Christopher Short (1991) Church and Religion in Rural England. Edinburgh: T and T Clark.

• Day, Sophie (2007) On the Game: Women and Sex Work. London: Pluto Press.

• Dench, Geoff, Kate Gavron and Michael Young (2006) The New East End: Kinship, Race and Conflict. London: Profile.

• Dennis, Norman, Fernando Henriques and Clifford Slaughter (1956) Coal is our Life: An analysis of a Yorkshire mining community. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode.

• Desai, Rashmi (1963) Indian Immigrants in Britain. London: Oxford University Press.

• Ditton, Jason (1977) Part-Time Crime: An Ethnography of Fiddling and Pilferage. London: Macmillan.

• Ditton, Jason and Roslyn Ford (1994) The Reality of Probation: A Formal Ethnography of Process and Practice. Aldershot: Avebury.

• Eade, John (1989) The Politics of Community: The Bangladeshi Community in East London. Aldershot: Avebury.

• Eade, John (2000) Placing London: From Imperial Capital to Global City. Oxford: Berghahn.

• Edwards, Jeanette (2000) Born and Bred: Idioms of Kinship and New Reproductive Technologies in England. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Edwards, Jeanette, Sarah Franklin, Eric Hirsch, Frances Price, and Marilyn Strathern (1993) Technologies of Procreation: Kinship in the age of assisted conception. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Elias, Norbert and John L. Scotson (1965) The Established and the Outsiders. London: Frank Cass.

• Emmett, Isabel (1964) A North Wales Parish: A Social Anthropological Study. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Ennew, Judith (1980) The Western Isles Today. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Evans, Gillian (2006) Educational Failure and Working Class White Children in Britain. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

• Finch, Janet and Jennifer Mason (1993) Negotiating Family Responsibilities. London: Routledge.

• Finch, Janet and Jennifer Mason (2000) Passing on: Kinship and inheritance in England. London: Routledge.

• Finnegan, Ruth (1989) The Hidden Musicians: Music-Making in an English Town. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Finnegan, Ruth (1998) Tales of the City: A Study of Narrative and Urban Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Firth, Raymond (ed.) (1956) Two Studies of Kinship in London. London: Athlone Press.

• Firth, Raymond, Jane Hubert, and Anthony Forge (1970) Families and their Relatives: Kinship in a middle-class sector of London. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Foster, Janet (1990) Villians: Crime and Community in the Inner City. London: Routledge.

• Foster, Janet (1999) Docklands: Cultures in Conflict, Worlds in Collision. London: UCL Press.

• Frankenberg, Ronald (1957) Village on the Border: A social Study of religion, politics and football in a North Wales Community. London: Cohen and West.

• Frankenberg, Ronald (1966) Communities in Britain: Social life in town and country. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

• Frankenberg, Ronald (ed.) (1982) Custom and Conflict in British Society. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Franklin, Sarah (1997) Embodied Progress: A cultural account of assisted conception. London: Routledge.

• Franklin, Sarah (2007) Dolly Mixtures: The Remaking of Genealogy. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

• Franklin, Sarah and Celia Roberts (2006) Born and Made: An ethnography of preimplantation genetic diagnosis. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

• Fraser Darling, F. (ed.) (1956) West Highland Survey: An Essay in Human Ecology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Gillespie, Marie (1995) Television, Ethnicity and Cultural Change. London: Routledge.

• Good, Anthony (2007) Anthropology and Expertise in the Asylum Courts. Abingdon: Routledge-Cavendish.

• Gorell Barnes, Gill, Paul Thompson, Gwyneth Daniel and Natasha Burchardt (1997) Growing Up in Stepfamilies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Gray, John N. (2000) At Home in the Hills: Sense of Place in the Scottish Borders. Oxford: Berghahn.

• Green, Sarah F. (1997) Urban amazons: Lesbian feminism and beyond in the gender, sexuality and identity battles of London. Basingstoke: Macmillan.

• Gregson, Nicky (2006) Living with Things: Ridding, Accommodation, Dwelling. Wantage, Oxon: Sean Kingston Publishing.

• Gregson, Nicky and Louise Crewe (2003) Second-hand cultures. Oxford: Berg.

• Gregson, Nicky and Michelle Lowe (1994) Servicing the Middle Classes: Class, gender and waged domestic labour in contemporary Britain. London: Routledge.

• Hall, Kathleen D. (2002) Lives in Translation: Sikh Youth as British Citizens. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

• Hallam, Elizabeth, Jenny Hockey, Glennys Howarth (1999) Beyond the Body: Death and Social Identity. London: Routledge.

• Hargreaves, David H. (1967) Social Relations in Secondary School. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Harris, Clement (1974) Hennage: A social system in miniature. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

• Harris, C. C. (1987) Redundancy and Recession in South Wales. Oxford: Blackwell.

• Harris, Hermione (2006) Yoruba in Diaspora: An African Church in London. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

• Hayter, Teresa and David Harvey (eds.) (1993) The Factory and the City: The Story of the Cowley Automobile Workers in Oxford. London: Mansell.

• Hetherington, Kevin (2000) New Age Travellers: Vanloads of uproarious humanity. London: Cassell.

• Hewitt, Roger (1986) White talk Black talk: Inter-racial friendship and communication amongst adolescents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Howarth, Glennys (1996) Last Rites: The Work of the Modern Funeral Director. New York: Baywood.

• Issa, Tözün (2005) Talking Turkey: The language, culture and identity of Turkish speaking children in Britain. Stoke: Trentham.

• Jackson, Phil (2004) Inside Clubbing: Sensual Experiments in the Art of Being Human. Oxford: Berg.

• James, Allison (1993) Childhood Identities: Self and social relationships in the experience of the child. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

• Jedrej, Charles and Mark Nuttall (1996) White Settlers: The Impact of Rural Repopulation in Scotland. Reading: Gordon and Breach.

• Jeffery, Patricia (1976) Migrants and refugees: Muslim and Christian families in Bristol. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Jenkins, Timothy (1999) Religion in English everyday life: an ethnographic approach. Oxford: Berghahn.

• Jephcott, Pearl (1942) Girls Growing Up. London: Faber and Faber.

• Jephcott, Pearl (1948) Rising Twenty: Notes on ordinary girls. London: Faber and Faber.

• Jephcott, Pearl (1964) A Troubled Area: Notes on Notting Hill. London: Faber and Faber.

• Jephcott, Pearl and Hilary Robinson (1971) Homes in High Flats: Some of the human problems involved in multi-storey housing. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.

• Jephcott, Pearl, Nancy Sear and John H. Smith (1962) Married Women Working. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Kerr, Madeline (1958) The People of Ship Street. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Klein, Josephine (1965) Samples from English Cultures. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Konrad, Monica (2005) Nameless Relations: Anonymity, Melanesia and Reproductive Gift Exchange between British Ova Donors and Recipients. Oxford: Berghahn.

• Konrad, Monica (2005) Narrating the New Predictive Genetics: Ethics, Ethnography and Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Lacey, Colin (1970) Hightown Grammar: The School as a Social System. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• La Fontaine, J. S. (1998) Speak of the devil: Tales of satanic abuse in contemporary England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Lewis, Charlie (1986) Becoming a Father. Milton Keynes: Open University Press.

• Littlejohn, James (1963) Westrigg: The Sociology of a Cheviot Parish. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Luhrmann, T.M. (1989) Persuasions of the Witch’s Craft: Ritual Magic in Contemporary England. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

• Macdonald, Sharon (1997) Reimagining Culture: Histories, Identities and the Gaelic Renaissance. Oxford: Berg.

• Mays, John Barron (1954) Growing up in the City: A study of juvenile delinquency in an urban neighbourhood. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.

• Miller, Daniel (1998) A Theory of Shopping. Cambridge: Polity.

• Miller, Daniel (2001) The Dialectics of Shopping. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

• Miller, Daniel (2008) The Comfort of Things. Cambridge: Polity.

• Miller, Daniel, Peter Jackson, Nigel Thrift, Beverley Holbrook and Michael Rowlands (1998) Shopping, Place and Identity. London: Routledge.

• Mollona, Massimiliano (2009) Made in Sheffield: An Ethnography of Industrial Work and Politics. Oxford: Berghahn.

• Moore, Robert (1974) Pit-men, Preachers and Politics: The effects of Methodism in a Durham Mining Community. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Moore, Robin C. (1986) Childhood’s Domain: Play and place in child development. London: Croom Helm.

• Nadel-Klein, Jane (2003) Fishing for Heritage: Modernity and Loss Along the Scottish Coast. Oxford: Berg.

• Neville, Gwen Kennedy (1994) The Mother Town: Civic Ritual, Symbol, and Experience in the Borders of Scotland. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Okely, Judith (1983) The Traveller-Gypsies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Pahl, R. E. (1965) Urbs in Rure: The metropolitan fringe in Hertfordshire. London: London School of Economics and Political Science.

• Pahl, R. E. (1984) Divisions of Labour. Oxford: Blackwell.

• Paneth, Marie (1944) Branch Street: A Sociological Study. London: George Allen and Unwin.

• Parman, Susan (1990) Scottish Crofters: A Historical Ethnography of a Celtic Village. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.

• Parker, Howard J. (1974) View from the Boys: A sociology of down-town adolescents. Newton Abbot: David and Charles.

• Philipson, Chris, Miriam Bernard, Judith Phillips and Jim Ogg (2001) The Family and Community Life of Older People: Social Networks and Social Support in Three Urban Communities. London: Routledge.

• Porteous, John Douglas (1989) Planned to death: The annihilation of a place called Howdendyke. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Prince, Ruth and David Riches (2000) The New Age in Glastonbury: The Construction of Religious Movements. Oxford: Berghahn.

• Probert, John C.C. (1971) The Sociology of Cornish Methodism to the Present Day. Redruth, Cornwall: Cornish Methodist Historical Association.

• Pryce, Ken (1979) Endless Pressure: A Study of West Indian Life-Styles in Bristol. Harmondsworth: Penguin.

• Raj, Dhooleka S. (2003) Where are you from?: Middle-class migrants in the modern world. Berkeley: University of California Press.

• Rapport, Nigel (1993) Diverse world-views in an English village. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

• Rapport, Nigel (1995) The Prose and the Passion: Anthropology, Literature and the Writing of E.M. Forster. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Rapport, Nigel (ed.) (2002) British Subjects: An Anthropology of Britain. Oxford: Berg.

• Rapport, Nigel (2008) Of Orderlies and Men: Hospital Porters Achieving Wellness at Work. Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press.

• Rees, Alwyn D. (1950) Life in a Welsh Countryside: A Social Study of Llanfihangel yng Ngwynfa. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.

• Rex, John and Robert Moore (1967) Race, Community and Conflict: A study of Sparkbrook. London: Oxford University Press.

• Robin, Jean (1980) Elmdon: Continuity and change in a north-west Essex village 1861-1964. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Rosser, Colin and Christopher Harris (1965) The Family and Social Change: A Study of Family and Kinship in a South Wales Town. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Sharma, Ursula (1992) Complementary Medicine Today: Practitioner and Patients. London: Routledge.

• Shaw, Alison (1988) Kinship and Continuity: Pakistani Families in Britain. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.

• Sheldon, Joseph Harold (1948) The Social Medicine of Old Age: Report of an inquiry in Wolverhampton. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Sinclair, Simon (1997) Making Doctors: An Institutional Apprenticeship. Oxford: Berg.

• Simpson, Bob (1998) Changing families: An ethnographic approach to divorce and separation. Oxford: Berg.

• Spencer, John, Joy Tuxford and Norman Dennis (1964) Stress and Release in an Urban Estate: A Study in Action Research. London: Tavistock.

• Spinley, B. M. (1953) The Deprived and the Privileged. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Stacey, Margaret (1960) Tradition and Change: A study of Banbury. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Stacey, Margaret, Eric Batstone, Colin Bell and Anne Murcott (1975) Power, Persistence and Change: A second study of Banbury. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Strathern, Marilyn (1981) Kinship at the core: An anthropology of Elmdon, a village in north-west Essex in the nineteen-sixties. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Strathern, Marilyn (1992) After nature: English kinship in the late twentieth century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Stringer, Martin D. (2001) On the Perception of Worship: The ethnography of worship in four Christian congregations in Manchester. Birmingham: University of Birmingham Press.

• Stringer, Martin D. (2008) Contemporary Western Ethnography and the Definition of Religion. London: Continuum.

• Talai, Vered Amit (1989) Armenians in London: The management of social boundaries. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

• Tambs-Lyche, Harald (1980) London Patidars: A case study in urban ethnicity. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Taylor, Ian R., Karen Evans and Penny Fraser (1996) A Tale of Two Cities: Global change, local feeling and everyday life in the north of England - a study of Manchester and Sheffield. London: Routledge.

• Thompson, Paul, Tony Wailey and Trevor Lummis (1983) Living the Fishing. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Toulis, Nicole Rodriguez (1997) Believing Identity: Pentecostalism and the mediation of Jamaican ethnicity and gender in England. Oxford: Berg.

• Townsend, Peter (1957) The Family Life of Old People: An Inquiry in East London. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Turner, Christopher (1969) Family and Kinship in Modern Britain: An Introduction. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Waddington, David (2003) Developing coalfields communities: Breathing new life into Warsop Vale. Bristol: The Policy Press.

• Waddington, David, Chas Critcher, Bella Dicks and David Parry (2001) Out of the Ashes?: The Social Impact of Industrial Contraction and Regeneration on British Mining Communities. London: The Stationary Office.

• Waddington, David, Karen Jones and Chas Critcher (1989) Flashpoints: Studies in Public Disorder. London: Routledge.

• Waddington, David, Maggie Wykes, and Chas Critcher (1990) Split at the Seams?: Community, continuity and change after the 1984 coal dispute. Buckingham: Open University Press.

• Walford, Geoffrey (1986) Life in Public Schools. London: Methuen.

• Wallace, Claire (1987) For richer, for poorer: Growing up in and out of work. London: Tavistock.

• Wallman, Sandra (1984) Eight London Households. London: Tavistock.

• Wallman, Sandra, I. Buchanan, Y. Dhooge, J. Gershyny, B. Kosmin and M. Wann (1982) Living in South London: Perspectives on Battersea 1871-1981. London: Gower.

• Walter, Bronwen (2001) Outsiders Inside: Whiteness, place and Irish women. London: Routledge.

• Warwick, Dennis and Gary Littlejohn (1992) Coal, capital and culture: A sociological analysis of mining communities in West Yorkshire. London: Routledge.

• Werbner, Pnina (1990) The Migration Process: Capital, Gifts and Offerings among British Pakistanis. London: Berg.

• Werbner, Pnina (2002) Imagined Diasporas among Manchester Muslims: The Public Performance of Pakistani Transnational Identity Politics. Oxford: James Currey.

• Werbner, Pnina and Muhammad Anwar (eds.) (1991) Black and Ethnic Leadership in Britain: The Cultural Dimensions of Political Action. London: Routledge.

• Whalley, Peter (1986) The Social Production of Technical Work: The Case of British Engineers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

• Wight, Daniel (1993) Workers not Wasters: Masculine Respectability, Consumption and Employment in Central Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

• Williams, W. M. (1956) Gosforth: The Sociology of an English Village. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Williams, W. M. (1963) A West Country Village: Ashworthy. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Willis, Paul E. (1977) Learning to Labour: How working class kids get working class jobs. Farnborough: Saxon House.

• Willis, Paul (1978) Profane Culture. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Willis, Paul (1990) Common Culture: Symbolic work at play in the everyday cultures of the young. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Willmott, Peter (1963) The Evolution of a Community: A study of Dagenham after forty years. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Willmott, Peter (1966) Adolescent Boys of East London. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Willmott, Peter and Michael Young (1960) Family and Class in a London Suburb. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Wolfram, Sybil (1987) In-laws and Outlaws: Kinship and Marriage in England. London: Croom Helm.

• Wulff, Helena (1988) Twenty Girls: Growing Up, Ethnicity and Excitement in a South London Microculture. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell.

• Young, Malcolm (1991) An Inside Job: Policing and Police Culture in Britain. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Young, Malcolm (1993) In the sticks: Cultural identity in a rural police force. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Young, Michael and Peter Willmott (1957) Family and Kinship in East London. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Young, Michael and Peter Willmott (1973) The Symmetrical Family: A Study of Work and Leisure in the London Region. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.

• Zweig, Ferdynand (1948) Labour, life and poverty. London: Gollancz.

• Zweig, Ferdynand (1948) Men in the pits. London: Gollancz.